Marketing an Ozark and Ouachita Mountain Deer-and-Bear Operation in Arkansas
Ask anyone outside the state what Arkansas hunting is and the answer comes back the same way every time: flooded timber, green timber mallards, Stuttgart, and maybe a big-bodied Delta buck if they have watched the right television show. That brand is earned, and it pays a lot of bills. It also leaves the northern and western two-thirds of the state almost completely unmarketed. The Ozark Mountains north of the Arkansas River and the Ouachita Mountains south of it hold two national forests, a restored black bear population that the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission now estimates at more than 5,000 animals across the Interior Highlands, and a whitetail hunt that looks nothing like the Delta. Almost nobody is telling that story on the web in a way a traveling hunter can find and book.
That is a marketing problem for the hunter and a marketing opportunity for the operator. The few lodges, guides, and landowners who offer mountain deer and bear hunts in Arkansas mostly show up as a listing on a booking aggregator, a Facebook page, or a single paragraph buried under "duck hunts" on a site built for something else. When a hunter in Dallas, Memphis, or Kansas City searches for an Arkansas bear hunt or a big-woods mountain whitetail hunt, the results are agency pages, a gear brand's editorial, and a handful of thin marketplace listings.
The timing matters right now. Arkansas bear archery has been open since early September, deer archery opened in late September, the alternative firearms seasons for both bear and deer run Oct. 17-25 in the mountain zones, and modern gun for both species opens Nov. 14, 2026. Hunters are deciding this month where they will spend November, and the operators who show up with clear, current, honest information will book the late-season slots and start building the 2027 list. This post walks through how to sell the mountain hunt on its own terms, how to explain the two ranges and the regulations accurately, and how to build a content and booking system that turns a forgotten vertical into a market you own.
Why the Mountains Are Arkansas's Forgotten Vertical
Arkansas has a two-brand problem that most of its mountain operators never name out loud. The state's tourism identity, its outdoor media coverage, and most of its outfitter marketing orbit the Mississippi Alluvial Valley in the east, where ducks and bottomland deer dominate the conversation. We have written about that Delta brand from several angles, including the trophy whitetail lodge market in our post on marketing an Arkansas Delta trophy whitetail lodge, and the pattern is consistent: the eastern half of the state has crowded search results, heavy aggregator capture, and real competition for every keyword. The mountains have the opposite problem. They have the land, the game, and the scenery, and almost nobody is competing for the searches.
The research behind this post found the same thing our earlier work on the Ouachita Mountains and the bear range nobody markets documented. Page one for Arkansas bear and mountain deer searches is mostly AGFC regulation pages, a few booking marketplace listings, a gear company's how-to article, and lake or tourism pages that mention hunting in passing. A small pool of private-land operators around places like Mena and the Ozark highlands are doing real business, but their web presence is thin, and very few of them have built content that answers the questions a first-time Arkansas bear hunter actually asks.
That gap is the opening. In a state where everyone markets ducks, the mountain deer-and-bear operator is not competing with fifty other camps for the same keyword. A well-built site with honest season content, a clear product, and steady field reporting can become the default answer for the whole vertical within a couple of seasons.
Selling Mountain Hunting Honestly Against the Delta Brand
The first marketing decision is the most important one: do not try to out-Delta the Delta. The bottomland hunt sells deer density, rich ag-edge habitat, and big bodies. The mountain hunt cannot win that argument, and a site that implies it can will lose the hunter's trust the moment he steps into a steep oak hollow and sees fewer deer than the photos suggested. The Ozarks and Ouachitas sell something else, and the job of the website is to describe that something else so clearly that the right hunter self-selects in and the wrong hunter self-selects out before he ever calls.
Start with the terrain. These are real mountains by Southern standards, with steep ridges, narrow hollows, rock, and long walks. AGFC's own bear harvest reporting ties the zones to the two ranges, with Zone 1 covering the Ozarks and Zone 2 covering the Ouachitas, and the hunting in both rewards scouting, mast reading, and patience more than it rewards sitting over a food plot. Say that plainly: a big-woods mountain buck is harder to kill than a field-edge Delta deer, and the hunter who wants that challenge books again when the expectation was honest.
Then sell the experience that justifies the effort. The mountain product has three things no Delta camp can offer. The first is public solitude on a scale that surprises out-of-state hunters, with the Ozark National Forest's more than one million acres in the north and the Ouachita National Forest's nearly 1.8 million acres across Arkansas and Oklahoma in the west. The second is the deer-and-bear combination week, which works because AGFC's 2026 bear and deer calendars overlap almost perfectly. The third is the setting itself: hardwood ridges turning color in October, mountain lodging, clear streams, and small towns that feel nothing like the flat rice country to the east. Lead your homepage and Google Business Profile with those three ideas, not with deer numbers you cannot back up.
The honest-expectations page is one of the highest-converting pieces of content a mountain operator can build. Explain the terrain and fitness level required. Explain what a typical sit looks like, how often hunters see deer, what bear success depends on, and what happens in a poor mast year. The hunter who wanted a guaranteed shot from a heated box blind goes elsewhere, which is a win for your reviews.
Two Ranges, Two Hunts: Ozark Hardwoods and Ouachita Pine Ridges
Most outside hunters lump everything north and west of Little Rock into "the Ozarks." That mistake costs operators searches and credibility, because the two ranges are different landscapes and different hunts, and the operator who explains the difference becomes the authority on both.
The Ozarks are a dissected plateau. The Forest Service describes the Ozark National Forest as covering more than one million acres, dominated by upland oak-hickory hardwoods, with the Boston Mountains characterized by narrow V-shaped valleys. Hunting there means hardwood hollows, bluff lines, benches, and acorn-driven movement. It is also the heart of Arkansas bear harvest. AGFC's 2025 harvest report credited Bear Zone 1 with 292 of the state's 445 bears, about two-thirds of the total, and its top bear counties that year included Johnson, Newton, Searcy, Madison, and Pope, all counties reaching into the Ozarks north of the Arkansas River. AGFC has explained that Zone 1's private land interspersed with public ground makes baiting more effective there, which is one reason the Ozark zone carries harvest quotas.
The Ouachitas are a different geologic story. The Encyclopedia of Arkansas describes them as east-west trending ridges separated by valleys, formed by folding and thrust faulting, which is unusual for North American mountains and gives the range its long, parallel ridge lines. The Forest Service calls the Ouachita National Forest the oldest and largest national forest in its Southern Region, covering nearly 1.8 million acres in central Arkansas and southeast Oklahoma. Pine and mixed pine-hardwood ridges, south-facing slopes, and long east-west access roads shape how hunters move. Bear Zone 2 produced 126 bears in 2025, with Polk County among the state's top harvest counties. AGFC's harvest report says Zone 2 harvest is more or less self-regulating because of the land ownership pattern in and around the Ouachita National Forest, and that a Zone 2 quota has never been necessary.
For marketing, that means two pages, not one. An operator near Mena should own the Ouachita searches with Ouachita language: ridges, pine, the national forest, the lakes, and Polk and Scott County geography. An operator in Newton or Searcy County should own the Ozark searches with Ozark language: hollows, hardwoods, bluffs, and the Buffalo River country. If you operate in both ranges, build both pages and link them together.
The 2026-27 Seasons: Building the Combo Week Around AGFC's Calendar
Season content is the backbone of this vertical, because the regulations are exactly what out-of-state hunters struggle with and exactly what aggregator listings get wrong. Every date below comes from AGFC's 2026 bear seasons page and 2026-27 deer seasons page as of October 2026. Publish your own version with the year stated and a line telling hunters to confirm with AGFC, and update it the week AGFC posts new seasons.
For bear, AGFC lists the same 2026 dates for Zone 1 and Zone 2. Archery runs Sept. 9-Nov. 30, alternative firearms run Oct. 17-25, a special youth modern gun bear hunt runs Nov. 7-8, and modern gun runs Nov. 14-30. The statewide limit is one bear, either sex, by any method. In Zone 1, each method has a quota for 2026 (450 bears for archery and 50 each for alternative firearms and modern gun), the season closes the day a quota is reached, and hunters must call AGFC's quota line at 833-345-0398 the evening before hunting. Zone 2 has no quota and no call-in. Zones 3, 4, 5, and 5A have short December modern gun seasons with small quotas, and Zones 6 and 7 are closed, but those matter less to a mountain operator.
For deer, AGFC lists statewide archery from Sept. 26, 2026 through Feb. 28, 2027, plus an early buck-only archery window Aug. 29-31, 2026. Youth modern gun hunts fall on Nov. 7-8, 2026 and Jan. 2-3, 2027. In most zones, alternative firearms run Oct. 17-25, 2026, with a second December segment in many zones. Modern gun opens Nov. 14, 2026 in every zone, but the closing date varies by zone, from Nov. 22 in the most restrictive zones to Dec. 20 in others, and every zone adds a Dec. 26-28 segment. The zone bag is four deer with no more than two antlered bucks, and antlerless limits by method differ from zone to zone. Because mountain zones do not all share one calendar, publish the specific zone numbers your property sits in and link to AGFC's zone map rather than writing a generic "mountain season" date range.
Now look at how those two calendars line up. Bear archery and deer archery overlap from Sept. 26 through Nov. 30. Bear alternative firearms and deer alternative firearms share Oct. 17-25 in most zones. The bear youth hunt and the first deer youth weekend share Nov. 7-8. Bear modern gun and deer modern gun open together Nov. 14. That alignment is the combo product. A hunter can sit a bait site on private ground in the evening for bear and hunt a mountain ridge in the morning for deer, inside one legal window, under one trip. Each species carries its own limit, so a client who tags a bear early in the week keeps hunting deer.
Build a dedicated combo page around those overlaps and name the weeks: an October muzzleloader-and-bait week, a youth weekend in early November, and a modern gun opener week starting Nov. 14. Spell out what the client hunts each day, what tags and licenses he needs, and what happens if he fills his bear tag on day two. It is also the page most likely to be cited when someone asks an AI assistant where to hunt bear and deer in one Arkansas trip. Our August-to-January whitetail marketing calendar lays out how to time content to each of these booking windows.
Explaining the Bear Rules Hunters Actually Get Wrong
The most valuable informational content in this vertical is a plain-English explanation of the rules that trip up first-time Arkansas bear hunters. Our earlier corpus research flagged the call-in system as confusing, and it is, partly because a lot of secondhand content online describes it wrong. The current AGFC rule is clear: the quota call-in applies to Zone 1 and the other quota zones, not to Zone 2. A Ouachita operator whose site tells hunters they must call in every night looks careless to the hunter who has read the AGFC page, and an Ozark operator whose site leaves out the call-in sets clients up for a violation.
Baiting is the second rule worth a full explainer. AGFC prohibits bear baiting except on private land in Bear Zones 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 5A, where bait may be placed starting 30 days before the opening day of the first bear season and kept until the last day of the last bear season in that zone. AGFC also limits bait ingredients in the chronic wasting disease management zone before Sept. 1. Bait is a legitimate part of the Arkansas bear product, and AGFC's 2025 report said 57 percent of bears that season were reported harvested over bait, but it is a private-land tool. That gives private-land operators a real advantage over the national forest, and it is fair to say so. It is not fair to imply that clients can bait public ground, and the National Park Service separately prohibits baiting wildlife on the Buffalo National River.
Dogs are the third. Unlike the coastal North Carolina and Appalachian hound traditions covered in our Southeast bear outfitter guide, AGFC makes it unlawful to take a bear that is being pursued by dogs. An Arkansas bear page should state that clearly so hound hunters from other states know before they call.
Checking and equipment round it out. AGFC lets hunters check a bear immediately online, through the AGFC app, or by phone before moving it, or tag it in ink and complete checking within 12 hours. Premolar and hair samples are no longer required, though AGFC encourages hunters to submit them for research. Bear equipment follows deer rules, except shotguns must be 20-gauge or larger and shoot only rifled slugs. A one-page "Arkansas bear rules for out-of-state hunters" explainer, dated for 2026 and linked from every hunt page, is the kind of content that earns trust, ranks, and gets quoted.
The Public-Land Line: WMAs, National Forests, and Guiding
Mountain operators sit next to huge amounts of public ground, and that creates a compliance question every site needs to handle carefully. Get it wrong and every informed hunter who reads your site knows it.
Arkansas is known for its prohibition on guiding public waterfowl hunts, and the rule is real. AGFC's code makes it unlawful to guide waterfowl hunters on Commission-owned or controlled WMAs or on national wildlife refuges, and unlawful to be guided for waterfowl there. That rule is about ducks and geese, which is why it shapes the Delta so heavily. For deer and bear, the controlling rules are AGFC's guide license requirements. A resident guiding hunters for pay must carry a resident hunting license, a resident hunting guide license, and proof of at least $100,000 in general liability insurance for the business, and if the hunting takes place on a WMA, the guide must also hold a Resident Special Guide License, which requires Arkansas residency. AGFC's rules also make it unlawful for a nonresident to exercise the rights of that special license.
The national forests add a federal layer. Both the Ozark-St. Francis and Ouachita National Forests allow hunting under state seasons, licenses, and fees, outside developed recreation sites and posted areas. But the Ouachita National Forest's permits page states that permits are required to use national forest lands when there is commercial gain. Any operator who wants to take paying clients onto national forest ground should talk to the ranger district about an outfitter-guide special use permit before selling that hunt.
The safest and strongest marketing position is simple. Sell your private ground, your lodging, your local knowledge, and your licensed services, and treat public land as context and as free content rather than as inventory you are reselling. A "DIY national forest hunt planning guide" written by a local operator is a lead magnet that attracts self-guided hunters who later book lodging, a guided private-land combo, or a bear sit over bait. It keeps you clearly on the right side of the rules.
Borrowing Audiences: The Buffalo River, Lake Country, and Elk Curiosity
Mountain operators do not have to build every audience from scratch. The Ozarks and Ouachitas already pull large non-hunting crowds, and some of those visitors are hunters who have no idea the country they are floating or hiking is some of the best bear and deer ground in the South.
The Buffalo National River is the clearest example. Our Buffalo National River corridor post covered the float, cabin, and canoe economy that dominates the corridor. The National Park Service allows hunting on the river's lands under federal and state law, with AGFC setting seasons and licensing, and with NPS closures around developed areas, safety zones, trails, and residences, plus a ban on baiting. That means the summer floater who rents a cabin in Newton or Searcy County is standing in the middle of the state's best bear county cluster. Content that connects the two, such as "what the Buffalo River country looks like in November" or "hunting the hills around the Buffalo," catches that crossover visitor in the search results and on social media.
Elk is the curiosity hook. AGFC records that between 1981 and 1985 the agency and Newton County residents released 112 Rocky Mountain elk near the Buffalo National River, and that restoration became the nucleus of Arkansas's herd. Elk tags in Arkansas come through a limited AGFC permit process, so most visitors will never hunt one, but elk viewing near Boxley draws a steady stream of people who love wild country. A mountain deer-and-bear operator in that region can write honestly about elk viewing, the elk permit process, and what else there is to hunt in elk country, and convert some of that curiosity into deer and bear inquiries.
The Ouachita side has its own halo in the lake and hot springs country. Visitors who come for the lakes, the national forest trails, or Hot Springs National Park are the same affluent outdoor travelers who book a fall hunt if they learn one exists.
The Mountain Operator's Content and Booking System
The system is not complicated, but it has to be built on purpose. The order of operations below is what we would put in place for a mountain operator starting from a thin website and a Facebook page.
A homepage that names the range (Ozark or Ouachita), the species (whitetail and black bear), the land type (private ground, lodging, or both), and the hunt style in the first two sentences.
Separate hunt pages for mountain whitetail, Arkansas black bear, and the deer-and-bear combo, each with 2026-27 dates, a "confirm with AGFC" line, the honest expectations, and a booking or inquiry button.
A dated "Arkansas bear rules for out-of-state hunters" explainer covering zones, the Zone 1 quota call-in, the private-land bait rule, the dog prohibition, and checking.
A Google Business Profile with the right primary category, the service area, real photos of the terrain and lodging, and weekly posts during the season.
A field report every week or two during season, short and specific: mast conditions, bear activity at bait, deer movement, weather, and what is still open on the calendar.
An email list with a simple promise such as season updates and first notice of 2027 openings, fed by the DIY national forest guide and the rules explainer.
Weekly field reporting deserves special attention. Bear harvest in Arkansas tracks food conditions closely, and AGFC's own 2025 report noted that a white oak acorn crop coinciding with the archery opener made baiting less successful. An operator who posts honest notes about acorns, bear sign, and deer movement through October and November becomes the source hunters check before they travel, and those notes are exactly the kind of fresh, specific content that search engines and AI assistants reward. The structure of a good report is covered in our Arkansas outdoor field report, and the statewide marketing context lives in our full Arkansas state guide.
The Calendar From Now Through Next Fall
Right now, the job is to sell what is left of 2026. Update every hunt page with the current dates, push the alternative firearms week and the Nov. 14 modern gun opener to your email list and social channels, and post a field report on mast and bear activity before the end of October. Any open late-season deer dates in December and the Dec. 26-28 segment are worth promoting directly to past inquirers who did not book.
After the bear season closes on Nov. 30 and deer season winds into winter, shift to proof and review collection. Gather client photos and permission, write a season recap with honest numbers from your own camp, and ask every client for a review while the trip is fresh. Then, in winter and early spring, build or rebuild the evergreen pages: the two-range page, the combo page, the rules explainer, and the DIY national forest guide.
Late spring and summer are the booking window for the 2027 fall season. AGFC typically posts its new season dates ahead of fall, and the week those dates appear is the week to update your site and email your list with "2027 dates are set, here is the combo calendar." By the time bear archery opens next September, your content should already be ranking, your list should already know your dates, and your best weeks should already be spoken for.
Work with Pine & Marsh
Pine & Marsh helps outfitters, guides, and lodges across the Southeast build websites, content, and search visibility that match the hunts they actually sell. If you run a deer, bear, or combo operation in the Ozarks or Ouachitas and want to own a vertical that almost nobody else is marketing, we would be glad to talk.
Book a discovery call or ask for a free marketing check, and we will show you where your operation stands in search and AI results today and what it would take to become the default answer for Arkansas mountain hunting.
Frequently Asked Questions
When is the 2026 Arkansas bear season in the Ozarks and Ouachitas?
AGFC lists the same 2026 dates for Bear Zone 1 (Ozarks) and Bear Zone 2 (Ouachitas): archery Sept. 9-Nov. 30, alternative firearms Oct. 17-25, a special youth modern gun hunt Nov. 7-8, and modern gun Nov. 14-30. Zone 1 seasons can close early when quotas are reached, while Zone 2 has no quota. Confirm current dates with AGFC before booking or hunting.
What is the Arkansas bear limit?
AGFC sets a statewide limit of one bear, either sex, by any method. That means a client who kills a bear in archery season is done with bear for the year, which matters when you package bear and deer together. Confirm with AGFC each season.
Do I have to call in before bear hunting in Arkansas?
Only in the quota zones. AGFC requires hunters in Zone 1, the Ozarks, to call 833-345-0398 the evening before hunting to learn whether the zone is still open, because Zone 1 closes the day a method's quota is reached. AGFC's 2026 quotas for Zone 1 are 450 bears for archery and 50 each for alternative firearms and modern gun. Zone 2 in the Ouachitas has no quota, so no call-in applies there.
Can you hunt bears over bait in Arkansas?
Only on private land. AGFC prohibits bear baiting except on private land in Bear Zones 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 5A, where bait is allowed from 30 days before the opening day of the first bear season through the last day of the last bear season in that zone. Baiting on public land, including the national forests, is not allowed, and the National Park Service separately prohibits baiting on the Buffalo National River.
When does the 2026-27 Arkansas deer season open in the mountains?
AGFC lists statewide archery from Sept. 26, 2026 through Feb. 28, 2027, with an early buck-only archery window Aug. 29-31, 2026. Modern gun opens Nov. 14, 2026 in every zone, but closing dates differ by zone, and most zones also have an Oct. 17-25 alternative firearms season. Check your exact zone on AGFC's deer seasons page before you publish dates.
Can an outfitter guide deer or bear hunters on an Arkansas WMA?
Guiding waterfowl hunters on Commission-owned or controlled WMAs and on national wildlife refuges is flatly prohibited. For other hunting, AGFC rules require a resident guide on a WMA to carry a Resident Special Guide License on top of the regular hunting guide license and liability insurance, and nonresidents cannot exercise that license. Read the current AGFC code and call AGFC before you sell anything on public ground.
Do I need a permit to guide on the Ouachita or Ozark National Forest?
The Forest Service states that permits are required to use national forest lands when there is commercial gain. Hunting itself is open to the public under state seasons and licenses, but a guide taking paying clients onto national forest ground should contact the ranger district about an outfitter-guide special use permit first.
Can I combine a bear hunt and a deer hunt in one Arkansas trip?
Yes, and the calendar makes it easy. In 2026, bear archery and deer archery overlap from Sept. 26 through Nov. 30, the bear and deer alternative firearms seasons in most mountain zones share Oct. 17-25, and both modern gun seasons open Nov. 14. Each animal carries its own limit, so a combo hunter can tag one bear and still hunt deer under the deer bag.
How many bears do Arkansas hunters take in the mountains?
AGFC's 2025 harvest report counted 445 bears statewide, with 292 from Zone 1 in the Ozarks and 126 from Zone 2 in the Ouachitas. Seventy-six percent of the statewide harvest came off private land and 57 percent was reported over bait. AGFC estimates more than 5,000 bears in the Interior Highlands.
Is the Arkansas mountain hunt as good as the Delta for deer?
It is a different product. The Delta sells density and big-bodied bottomland bucks, while the Ozarks and Ouachitas sell steep ground, big woods, public solitude, and the chance to hunt bear and deer in one week. Market the mountain hunt honestly on those terms instead of competing with the Delta on numbers it will win.
Sources
Arkansas Game and Fish Commission -- Bear Seasons and Limits (2026) -- https://www.agfc.com/hunting/more-game/bear/bear-seasons-and-limits/ -- accessed October 2026
Arkansas Game and Fish Commission -- Bear-Specific Hunting Regulations -- https://www.agfc.com/hunting/more-game/bear/bear-specific-hunting-regulations/ -- accessed October 2026
Arkansas Game and Fish Commission -- 2025 Black Bear Harvest Report (via Bear Harvest Reports page) -- https://www.agfc.com/hunting/more-game/bear/bear-harvest-reports/ -- accessed October 2026
Arkansas Game and Fish Commission -- 2020 Black Bear Harvest Report -- https://www.agfc.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/2020-Black-Bear-Harvest-Report.pdf -- accessed October 2026
Arkansas Game and Fish Commission -- Arkansas hunters swat aside black bear record -- https://www.agfc.com/news/arkansas-hunters-swat-aside-black-bear-record/ -- accessed October 2026
Arkansas Game and Fish Commission -- Deer Seasons and Limits by Zone (2026-27) -- https://www.agfc.com/hunting/deer/deer-seasons-and-limits-by-zone/ -- accessed October 2026
Arkansas Game and Fish Commission -- History of Elk in Arkansas -- https://www.agfc.com/education/history-of-elk-in-arkansas/ -- accessed October 2026
Arkansas Administrative Code (Cornell LII) -- 002.01.24 Ark. Code R. 114, 24.08 Guiding Prohibited on All Commission-Owned or Controlled WMAs and NWRs -- https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/arkansas/002-01-24-Ark-Code-R-114 -- accessed October 2026
Arkansas Administrative Code (Cornell LII) -- 002.01.24 Ark. Code R. 004, 03.14 Resident Guide License Requirements -- https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/arkansas/002-01-24-Ark-Code-R-004 -- accessed October 2026
Arkansas Administrative Code (Cornell LII) -- 002.01.24 Ark. Code R. 005, 03.15 Nonresident Guide License Requirements -- https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/arkansas/002-01-24-Ark-Code-R-005 -- accessed October 2026
USDA Forest Service -- Ouachita National Forest, About the Area -- https://www.fs.usda.gov/r08/ouachita/about-area -- accessed October 2026
USDA Forest Service -- Ouachita National Forest, Permits -- https://www.fs.usda.gov/r08/ouachita/permits -- accessed October 2026
USDA Forest Service -- Ozark-St. Francis National Forests, About the Area -- https://www.fs.usda.gov/r08/ozark-stfrancis/about-area -- accessed October 2026
National Park Service -- Buffalo National River, Hunting -- https://www.nps.gov/buff/planyourvisit/hunting.htm -- accessed October 2026
National Park Service -- Buffalo National River, Superintendent's Compendium -- https://www.nps.gov/buff/learn/management/compendium-1-5.htm -- accessed October 2026
Encyclopedia of Arkansas -- Geography and Geology -- https://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/entries/geography-and-geology-401/ -- accessed October 2026
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